PBKDF2 Derive Key





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PBKDF2

PBKDF2 applies a pseudorandom function, such as hash-based message authentication code (HMAC), to the input password or passphrase along with a salt value and repeats the process many times to produce a derived key, which can then be used as a cryptographic key in subsequent operations. The added computational work makes password cracking much more difficult, and is known as key stretching.

The PBKDF2 key derivation function has five input parameters:

DK = PBKDF2(PRF, Password, Salt, c, dkLen)

where:

  • PRF is a pseudorandom function of two parameters with output length hLen (e.g. a keyed HMAC)
  • Password is the master password from which a derived key is generated
  • Salt is a sequence of bits, known as a cryptographic salt
  • c is the number of iterations desired
  • dkLen is the desired bit-length of the derived key
  • DK is the generated derived key.

For example, using:

  • password: Hello
  • PRF: PBKDF2WithHmacSHA512
  • Salt: vQIHs71+xAa4lxK9J+VhfA==
  • Iterations: 1,000
  • Derived key length: 128 bytes

will generate the same derived key bytes (tlXeEf65TEWTW41acGi/4A==).