Debugging

Advanced~25 min read

Enable tracing, fail fast on errors, and detect unset variables to catch bugs early.

Tracing and Strict Modes

Output

Click Run to execute your code

Note: Prefer enabling options in subshells to avoid affecting the whole script unintentionally.

Pro Tip: Add trace prefixes with PS4='+ :: ' for clearer set -x output.

Caution: set -e has edge cases with pipelines and subshells. Consider explicit checks.

Check exit codes or use pipefail for pipelines.

Avoid printing sensitive data under xtrace in CI logs.

Task: Enable set -o pipefail and demonstrate a failing pipeline that correctly returns non-zero.

Output

Click Run to execute your code

Show Solution

set -o pipefail; false | true; echo $? # -> 1

Generate sequences and templated names via Brace Expansion.